PENGARUH APLIKASI BIOCHAR KULIT KAKAO TERHADAP KEMANTAPAN AGREGAT DAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN JAGUNG PADA ULTISOL LAMPUNG TIMUR

Authors

  • Farahmitha Shalsabila Jurusan Tanah, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya
  • Sugeng Prijono
  • Zaenal Kusuma

Abstract

Ultisols are characterized by less aggregate stability, high clay, solid, organic material, and low pH. These can be managed by using calcification, augmentation of organic material and fertilization. One of soil amendments than can be used to improve properties of Ultisol is biochar.  The objective of this study was to elucidate the effects of cocoa's shell biochar application on soil aggregate stability and growth and yield of maize at an Ultisol. Treatments tested in this study were D0 (no biochar application), D5 (application of 5 t biochar ha-1), D10 (application of 10 t biochar ha-1), D15 (application of 15 t biochar ha-1), D25 (application of 25 t t biochar ha-1), dan D40 (application of 40 t biochar ha-1). The results showed that in one growing season giving some doses cocoa's shell biochar had not been able to affect soil aggregate stability. The highest aggregate stability was found at treatment of 15 t ha-1 of cocoa’s shell biochar with an index of 130.12. The increased levels of soil organic C was followed by the increase in aggregate stability index. The highest organic C was found at D40 treatment with 4,09%. While the highest retention of water was found at the D10 with 32,96%. The increased aggregate stability index was not followed by the ability of soil to retain water. The addition of cocoa's shell biochar could increase soil organic C but not in line with the ability to retain water. If cocoa's shell biochar was given at the hig dose then it can give high maize yield.

Author Biography

Farahmitha Shalsabila, Jurusan Tanah, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya

Professor

References

Atkinson, C.J., Fitzgerald, J.D. and Hipps, N.A. 2010. Potential mechanisms for achieving agricultural benefits from biochar application to temperate soils: a review. Plant and Soil 337, 1-18.

Badan Pusat Statistik Provinsi Lampung. 2014. Potensi Jagung di Lampung. http://regionalinvestment.bkpm.go.id/newsipid/id/. Diakses tanggal 1 Juni 2014

Gani, A. 2009. Biochar Penyelamat Lingkungan. Warta Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian 31 (6), 15-16.

Kementerian Pertanian. 2012. Produksi kakao di Lampung. Departemen Pertanian Lampung.

Masulili, A., Utomo, W.H. and Syechfani, M.S. 2010. Rice husk biochar for rice based cropping system in acid soil 1. the characteristics of rice husk biochar and its influence on the properties of acid sulfate soils and rice growth in West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Journal of Agriculture Science 2 (1), 39-47.

Nurida, N.L. dan Rachman, A. 2012. Alternatif Pemulihan Lahan Kering Masam Terdegradasi dengan Formula Pembenah Tanah Biochar di Typic Kanhapludults Lampung. Diterbitkan pada Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknologi Pemupukan dan Pemulihan Lahan Terdegradasi. Dalam Wigena (Eds.), Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian, Kementerian Pertanian, Bogor, 29-30 Juni 2012. p. 639-648.

Nurida, N. L., Dariah, A. dan Rachman, A. 2008. Kualitas limbah pertanian sebagai bahan baku pembenah berupa biochar untuk rehabilitasi lahan. Prosiding Seminar Nasional dan dialog Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian. Balai Besar penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian. Bogor. Hlm 209-215.

Prasetyo, B. dan Suriadikarta, D.A. 2012. Karakteristik, potensi, dan teknologi pengelolaan Ultisol untuk pengembanganpertanian lahan kering di indonesia. Jurnal Litbang Pertanian 25 (2), 39-44.

Rawls, W.J., Pachepsky, Y.A., Ritchie, J.C., Sobecki, T.M. and Bloodworthc, H. 2003. Effect of soil organic carbon on soil water retention. Geoderma 116, 61– 76.

Siregar, T.H., Riyadi, S.S., dan Nuraeni., L 1993. Budidaya, Pengolahan dan Pemasaran Cokelat. Penebar Swadaya. Jakarta

Subagyo, H., Suharta, N. dan Siswanto, A.B. 2004. Tanah-tanah pertanian di Indonesia. hlm. 21−66. Dalam A. Adimihardja, L.I.Amien, F. Agus, D. Djaenudin (Ed.). Sumberdaya Lahan Indonesia dan Pengelolaannya. Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanah dan Agroklimat, Bogor.

Suwardji, G. Suardiari, dan Hippi, A. 2007. Meningkatkan efisiensi air irigasi dari sumber air tanah pada lahan kering pasiran Lombok Utara menggunakan teknologi irigasi sprinkler big gun. Prosiding Kongres Nasional HITI IX, 5-7 Desember 2007, Yogyakarta.

Suwardji, Utomo, W.H. dan Sukartono. 2012. Kemantapan agregat setelah aplikasi biochar di tanah lempung berpasir pada pertanaman jagung di lahan kering kabupaten lombok utara. Buana Sains 12 (1), 61-68.

Zinn Y.L., Lal, R. and Resck, D.V.S. 2005: Changes in soil organic carbon stocks under agriculture in Brazil. Soil and Tillage Research 84,28-40.

Downloads

Published

09-02-2017

How to Cite

Shalsabila, F., Prijono, S., & Kusuma, Z. (2017). PENGARUH APLIKASI BIOCHAR KULIT KAKAO TERHADAP KEMANTAPAN AGREGAT DAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN JAGUNG PADA ULTISOL LAMPUNG TIMUR. Jurnal Tanah Dan Sumberdaya Lahan, 4(1), 473–480. Retrieved from https://jtsl.ub.ac.id/index.php/jtsl/article/view/161

Issue

Section

Articles

Most read articles by the same author(s)

<< < 1 2 3 4 5 > >>