EFEKTIVITAS BERBAGAI BAHAN FORMULA PUPUK HAYATI SIANOBAKTERI TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL PADI GOGO VARIETAS SITU BAGENDIT

Wahyu Satria Eginarta; Yulia Nuraini; Jati Purwani

doi:10.21776/ub.jtsl.2021.008.2.13

Authors

Wahyu Satria Eginarta Universitas Brawijaya
Yulia Nuraini Universitas Brawijaya
Jati Purwani Biologi dan Kesehatan Tanah, Balai Penelitian Tanah, Bogor

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jtsl.2021.008.2.13

Keywords:

biofertilizer, cyanobacteria, upland rice

Abstract

Rice is an important commodity in human life where its production increase must be followed by environmental sustainability and land health. The achievement of increased rice production supported by environmental sustainability can be achieved by utilizing biological fertilizers. One of the microbes that can be used as nutrient providers for rice plants is cyanobacteria. This study was carried out in a greenhouse and soil biology laboratory of the Indonesian Soil Research Institute using a randomized block design with four replications. The treatments tested consisted of F0 (without treatment), F1 (wet cyanobacteria isolate), F2 (dry cyanobacteria isolate), F3 (cyanobacteria + rock phosphate), F4 (cyanobacteria + biochar), F5 (cyanobacteria + kaolin), F6 (cyanobacteria + rock phosphate + kaolin), F7 (cyanobacteria + rock phosphate + biochar), F8 (cyanobacteria + kaolin + biochar). The results showed that the cyanobacteria formula treatment with biochar (F4) carriers showed the highest total population in the parameters of the cyanobacteria population, bacteria, and fungi so that the interaction was said to be positive. The application of cyanobacteria formula to soil chemistry did not significantly affect the post-harvest soil N, P, and K, while the increase in soil pH occurred in the overall treatment of the cyanobacteria formula. Treatment of cyanobacteria formula with biochar carrier (F4) had significantly different results on parameters of number of tillers, number of panicles, grain weight, number of grains.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Antonius, S., Rozy, D.S., Yulia N. dan Tirta K.D., 2018. Manfaat pupuk organik hayati, kompos dan biochar pada pertumbuhan bawang merah dan pengaruhnya terhadap biokimia tanah pada percobaan pot menggunakan tanah Ultisol. Jurnal Biologi Indonesia 14(2): 243-250.

Aryanto. A., Triadiati, dan Sugiyanta. 2015. Pertumbuhan dan produksi padi sawah dan gogo dengan pemberian pupuk hayati berbasis bakteri pemacu tumbuh di tanah masam. Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia 20(3): 229-235.

Bhagat, P., Gosal, S.K. and Singh, C.B. 2016. Effect of mulching on soil environment, microbial flora and growth of potato under field conditions. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research 50(6): 542-548.

Bohn. H.L., McNeal, B. L. and Connor, G.A.O. 1979. Soil Chemistry. John Willey &Sons. New York. 155-171pp.

BPS (Badan Pusat Statistik). 2018. Produktivitas Padi Ladang Menurut Provinsi 2014-2018. Badan Pusat Statistika. Jakarta.

Doberman, A. and Fairhust, T. 2000. Rice Nutrient Disorders and Nutrient Management. Potash and Phosphate Institute of Canada and International Rice Research Institute. Oxford Geogaphic Printers Pte Ltd. Canada, Philippines.

Fahmi, A., Radjagukguk, B. dan Purwanto, B. 2004. Kelarutan fosfat dan ferro pada tanah sulfat masam yang diberi bahan organik jerami padi. Balai Penelitian Pertanian Lahan Rawa 1 : 1 -13.

Gayathri, M., Shunmugam, S., Thajuddin, N. and Muralitharan, G. 2017. Phytohormones and free volatile fatty acids from cyanobacteria biomass wet extract (BWE) elicit plant growth promotion. Algal Research 26: 56â€“64.

Goenadi, A. 2005. Pemanfaatan limbah kulit buah kakao sebagai kompos pada pertumbuhan bibit kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) kultivar Upper Amazone Hybrid (UAH). Fakultas Pertanian. Universitas Padjadjaran. Bandung.

Hussain, A. and Hasnain, S. 2011. Phytostimulation and biofertilization in wheat by cyanobacteria. Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology 38: 85â€“92.

Izzudin. 2012. Perubahan Sifat Kimia dan Biologi Tanah Pasca Kegiatan Perambahan di Areal Hutan Pinus Reboisasi Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan Provinsi Sumatra Utara. Departemen Silvikultur Fakultas Kehutanan Institut Pertanian Bogor.

Jones, D.L., Rousk, J., Edwards-Jones, G., DeLuca, T.H. and Murphy, D.V. 2012. Biochar-mediated changes in soil quality and plant growth in a three year field trial. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 45:113â€“124.

Kamuru, F., Albrecht, S.L, Allen, L.H. and Shanmugan, K.T. 1997. Dry matter and nitrogen accumulation in rice inoculated with a nitrogenase-depresses mutant of Anabaena Variabilis. Agonomy Journal 90: 529-535.

Khush, G.S. 1995. Modern variety their real contribution to food supply equity. Geo Journal 35(3): 275-284.

Kim, J-D. and Lee, C-G. 2006. Diversity of heterocystous filamentous sianobakteri (blue geen algae) from rice paddy fields and their differential susceptibility to ten fungicides used in Korea. Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology 16 (2): 240-246.

Mugnai, G., Rossi, F., Felde, V.J.M.N.L., Colesie, C., Budel, B., Peth, S., Kaplan, A. and De Philippis, R. 2018. Development of the polysaccharidic matrix in biocrusts induced by a cyanobacterium inoculated in sand microcosms. Biology and Fertility of Soils 54(12): 27:40.

Nilsson, M., Bhattacharya, J., Raid, A.N. and Bergman, R. 2002. Colonization of roots of rice (Oryza sativa L.) by symbiotic Nostoc strains. New Phytologist 156: 517-525.

Pathak, J., Maurya, P.K., Singh, S.P., Hader, D.P. and Sinha, R.P. 2018. Cyanobacteria farming for environment friendly sustainable agriculture practices: innovations and perspectives. Frontiers in Environmental Science 6: 7, doi:. 10.3389/fenvs.2018.00007.

Paudel, Y.P., Pradhan, S., Pant, B. and Prasad, B.N. 2012. Role of blue green algae in rice productivity. Agriculture and Biology Journal of North America 3(8): 332-335.

Pereira, I., Ortega, R., Barrientos, L., Moya, M., Reyes, G. and Kramm, V. 2009. Development of a biofertilizer based on filamentous nitrogen fixing cyanobakcteria for rice crops in chile. Journal of Applied Physiology 21;135-144.

Prasanna, R., Jaiswal, P., Nayak, S., Sood, A. and Kaushik, B.D. 2009. Cyanobacteria diversity in the rhizosphere of rice and its ecological significance. Indian Journal of Microbiology 49(1): 89-97.

Prasanna, R., Kumar, A., Babu, S., Chawla, G., Chaudhary, V., Singh, S., Gupta, V., Nain, L. and Saxena, A.K. 2013. Deciphering the biochemical spectrum of novelcyanobacterium based biofilms for use as inoculants. Biolological Agriculture & Horticulture 29: 145â€“158.

Purba, R. 2015. Kajian aplikasi pupuk hayati pada tanaman padi sawah di Banten. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Biodiversitas Indonesia (6) :1524-1527.

Samuel,. S. and Muthukkaruppan, S.M. 2011. Characterization of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria and fungi associated with rice, mangrove and effluent contaminated soil. Current Botany 2(3): 22-25.

Schulz, H. and Glaser, B. 2012. Effects of biochar compared to organik and inorganik fertilizers on soil quality and plant growth in a greenhouse experiment. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science 175: 410-422.

Simanjuntak, A., Rosanty, R.L. dan Purba, E. 2013. Respon pertumbuhan dan produksi bawang merah (Allium ascalonicum L.) terhadap pemberian pupuk NPK dan kompos kulit buah kopi. Jurnal Online Agroekoteknologi 1(3): 2337- 6597.

Simanungkalit, R.D.M., Suriadikarta, D.A., Saraswati, R., Setyorini, D. dan Hartatik, W. 2006. Pupuk Organik dan Pupuk Hayati. Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian, Bogor.

Subramani, S.A., Narayan, C., Srinivasan, S. and Chandrasekharam, B. 1980. Proccedings of FAI Seminar on Fertilizers in India in Eightees. Tamil Nadu Agicultural University, India.

Suresha, S., Soundararajana, S., Elavarasia, F., Oscara, L. and Thajuddina, N. 2019. Evaluation and characterization of the plant growth promoting potentials of two heterocystous cyanobacteria for improving food grains growth. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology 17: 647â€“652.

Zhang, A., Bian, R., Pan, G., Cui, L., Hussain, Q., Li, L., Zheng, J., Zheng, J., Zhang, X., Han, X. and Yu, X. 2012. Effects of biochar amendment on soil quality, crop yield and greenhouse gas emission in a Chinese rice paddy: a field study of 2 consecutive rice growing cycles. Field Crops Research 127:153â€“160.

Zhang, Y., Yufeng L., Guoxian Z., Xaioou G., Zhouping S. and Tianlai L. 2018. The effects of rice straw and biochar applications on the microbial community in a soil with a history of continuous tomato planting history. Agronomy 8(65): 1-13.