OPTIMALISASI DAN UJI EFEKTIVITAS ACTINOMYCETES PADA Brassica chinensis DI BAWAH CEKAMAN KEKERINGAN DAN pH MASAM ULTISOL

Shendy Citra Oktaviana Dewi; Didik Suprayogo; Didi Rahmanto; Tri Setia Rini

doi:10.21776/ub.jtsl.2024.011.1.21

Authors

Shendy Citra Oktaviana Dewi Departemen Tanah, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya
Didik Suprayogo Departemen Tanah, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5330-3185
Didi Rahmanto LOB & Compost PT Great Giant Pineapple, Lampung Tengah
Tri Setia Rini LOB & Compost PT Great Giant Pineapple, Lampung Tengah

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jtsl.2024.011.1.21

Keywords:

Actinomycetes, drought stress, PGPR, population, soil pH

Abstract

Drought stress and acid soil pH are a form of abiotic stress on acid-dry land. Actinomycetes are a group of transitional microbes that have benefits as bioprotectants, biostimulators, and biofertilizers. This study aimed to determine the optimum growth environment for Actinomycetes at various incubation temperatures (25, 30, 35, and 40 ℃) and media pH (5, 6, 7, 8, and 9) and prove its effectiveness on mustard plants when given drought stress, and increase in acid soil pH. The research was conducted in the LOB greenhouse of PT Great Giant Pineapple using two factors, namely Actinomycetes (F22, F26, F34, F39, and F47) and irrigation (watered and not watered). Observations included Actinomycetes population (CFU mL^-1), plant response (percentage of stress, death, survival, recovery), plant growth (plant length, number of leaves, root length), plant production (fresh weight), soil pH, and soil organic matter. Results of this study showed that Actinomycetes F22 gave the highest total population (10⁷ CFU mL^-1), and the P4K1, P4K2, and P2K2 treatment combination gave the best results on the observed parameters.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Ahluwalia, O., Singh, P.C. and Bhatia, R. 2021. A review on drought stress in plants: implications, mitigation and the role of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria. Resources, Environment, and Sustainability 5:1-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resenv.2021.100032

Alim, N., Simarmata, M., Gunawan, B., Purba, T., Juita, N., Herawati, J., Firgiyanto, R., Junairiah, dan Inayah, A.N. 2022. Pengelolaan Lahan Kering. Medan: Yayasan Kita Menulis.

Anjum, S.A., Xie, X.Y., Wang, L.C., Salem, M.F., Man, C. and Lei, W. 2011. Morphological, physiological, and biochemical responses of plants to drought stress. African Journal of Agriculture Research 6(9):2026-2032.

Balai Penelitian Tanah. 2009. Analisis Kimia Tanah, Tanaman, Air, dan Pupuk. Balai Penelitian Tanah.

Barnawal, D. and Singh, R. 2019. Role of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria in drought tolerance. In: PGPR Amelioration in Sustainable Agriculture. 107-128. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-815879-1.00006-9

Bayuseno, A.P., Sulistyo, S. and Istadi, I. 2012. Pengaruh sifat fisik dan struktur mineral batu bara lokal terhadap sifat pembakaran. Rotasi 10(2):26-31. https://doi.org/10.14710/rotasi.10.2.26-31

BNPB. 2022, Juli 28. Retrieved from https://bnpb.go.id/.

Chiappero, J., Cappellari, L.L.R., Alderete, L.G.S., Palermo, T.B. and Banchio, E. 2019. Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria improve the antioxidant status in Mentha piperita grown under drought stress leading to an enhancement of plant growth and total phenolic content. Industrial Crops and Products 139, 1 November 2019:111553. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2019.111553

Fateha, R.N., Ilhaminnur, B., Soemarno, dan Wandasari, N.R. 2020. Efektivitas pupuk organik dan interval penyiraman terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tomat. Agrotechnology Research Journal 4(1):3-40. https://doi.org/10.20961/agrotechresj.v4i1.41393

Glick, B.R. 1995. The enhancement of plant growth by free living bacteria. Canadian Journal of Microbiology 41:109-117. https://doi.org/10.1139/m95-015

Hafif, B., Sabiham, S., Iswandi, A., Sutandi, A. dan Suyamto. 2009. Uji Potensi Lahan Kering Sub-optimal untuk Pengembangan Ubikayu UJ-5 di Provinsi Lampung. BPTP Lampung.

Hardjowigeno, S. 2015. Ilmu Tanah. Jakarta: Akademika Pressindo.

Hasanah, N., Bayu, E.S. dan Kardhinata, E.H. 2020. Pengaruh cekaman kekeringan terhadap morfologi akar beberapa genotipe padi beras merah (Oryza sativa L.) pada fase vegetatif. Jurnal Online Agroekoteknologi 8(1):50-56.

Ikbal, Iskandar, dan Budi, S.W. 2016. Penggunaan bahan humat dan kompos untuk meningkatkan kualitas tanah bekas tambang nikel sebagai media pertumbuhan sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria). Jurnal Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan 6(1):53-60. https://doi.org/10.19081/jpsl.6.1.53

Jayantie, G., Yunus, A., Pujiasmanto, B. dan Widiyastuti, Y. 2017. Pertumbuhan dan kandungan asam oleanolat rumput mutiara (Hedyotis corymbosa) pada berbagai dosis pupuk kandang sapi dan pupuk organik cair. Agrotech Research Journal 1(2):13-18. https://doi.org/10.20961/agrotechresj.v1i2.18880

Kaushal, M. and Wani, S.P. 2016. Rhizobacterial-plant interactions: strategies ensuring plant growth promotion under drought and salinity stress. Agriculture, Ecosystem, and Environment 231:68-78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2016.06.031

Khan, N. and Bano, A. 2019. exopolysaccharide producing rhizobacteria and their impact on growth and drought tolerance of wheat grown under rainfed conditions. PLoS One 14:1-19. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0222302

Kurniafebi, F.A. dan Roza, R.M. 2021. Eksplorasi dan karakterisasi parsial aktinomisetes dari tanah mangrove di Kuala Enok Kecamatan Tanah Merah Indragiri Hilir Riau. Prosiding Seminar Nasional BIO: 347-357.

La Habi, M., Nendissa, J.I., Marasabessy, D. dan Kalay, A.M. 2018. Ketersediaan fosfat, serapan fosfat, dan hasil tanaman jagung (Zea mays L.) akibat pemberian kompos granul ela sagu dengan pupuk fosfat pada Inceptisol. Agrologia 7(1):42-52. https://doi.org/10.30598/a.v7i1.356

Lehalima, I.T., Wendra, A., Rumra, A., Sudin, L., Rumahenga, S., Latuconsina, D. dan Ibrahim, N.R. 2021. Teknik budidaya tanaman sawi hijau (Brassica juncea L.). Indonesian Journal of Engagement, Community Services, Empowerment and Development 1(3):140-144.

Mahdya, A.S., Nurmala, T. dan Yuwariah, Y. 2020. Pengaruh frekuensi penyiraman terhadap pertumbuhan, hasil, dan fenologi tanaman hanjeli ratun di dataran medium. Jurnal Kultivasi 19(3):1196-1201. https://doi.org/10.24198/kultivasi.v19i3.26945

Mutmainnah. 2013. Isolasi Actinomycetes dari tanah pembuangan limbah pabrik gula tebu (Camming) Bone sebagai Penghasil Antibiotika. Repository Unhas 1-82.

Nurkanto, A. dan Agusta, A. 2015. Identifikasi molekular dan karakterisasi morfo-fisiologi Actinomycetes penghasil senyawa antimikroba. Jurnal Biologi Indonesia 11(2):195-203.

Oskay, M., Tamer, U. and Azeri, C. 2004. Antibacterial activity ofsome actinomycetes isolated from farming soils of Turkey. African Journal of Biotechnology 3(9):441-446. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJB2004.000-2087

Parfit, R.L., Giltrap, D.J. and Whitton, J.S. 1995. Contribution of organic matter and clay minerals to the cation exchange capacity of soil. Comunication in Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 26(9):1343-1360. https://doi.org/10.1080/00103629509369376

Patading, G.F. and Ai, N.S. 2021. Effectiveness of PGPR (Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria) watering to plant height, leaf width and leaves number of onion (Allium cepa L.). Biofaal Journal 2(1):35-41. https://doi.org/10.30598/biofaal.v2i1pp35-41

Pathania, P. and Rajta, A. 2020. Role of plant growth-promoting bacteria in sustainable agriculture. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology 30:101842. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcab.2020.101842

Pelczar, M. 2013. Dasar-dasar Mikrobiologi. UI Press.

Petrovic, I., Savic, S., Jovanovic, Z., Stikic, R., Brunel, S., Serino, and Bertin, N. 2019. Fruit quality of cherry and large fruited tomato genotypes as influenced by water deficit. Agriculture 106(2):123-128. https://doi.org/10.13080/z-a.2019.106.016

Rao, S. 1994. Mikrobiologi Tanah. Malang: UMM Press.

Saputra, D.D., Putrantyo, A.R. dan Kusuma, Z. 2018. Hubungan kandungan bahan organik tanah dengan berat isi, porositas dan laju infiltrasi pada perkebunan Salak di Kecamatan Purwosari, Kabupaten Pasuruan. Jurnal Tanah dan Sumberdaya Lahan 5(1):647-654.

Siregar, P., Fauzi, dan Supriadi. 2017. Pengaruh pemberian beberapa sumber bahan organik dan masa inkubasi terhadap beberapa aspek kimia kesuburan tanah Ultisol. Jurnal Agroekoteknologi 5(2):256-264.

Suarmaprasetya, R.A. dan Soemarno. 2021. Pengaruh kompos kotoran kambing terhadap kandungan karbon dan fosfor tanah dari kebun kopi Bangelan. Jurnal Tanah dan Sumberdaya Lahan 8(2):505-514. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jtsl.2021.008.2.21

Suryanti, S., Indradewa, D., Sudira, P. dan Widada, J. 2015. Kebutuhan air, efisiensi penggunaan air, dan ketahanan kekeringan kultivar kedelai. Jurnal Agritech 35(1):114-120. https://doi.org/10.22146/agritech.9426

Syafrullah. 2018. Pemanfaatan batu bara dan sumber daya lokal pedesaan sebagai pupuk batu bara plus dan pengaruhnya terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman padi system of rice intensification (SRI) di lahan pasang surut. Klorofil 13(2):71-77.

Tampubolon, G., Mahbub, I.A. dan Lagowa, M.I. 2020. Pemulihan kualitas tanah bekastambang batubara melalui penanaman Desmodium ovalifolium. Jurnal Teknologi Mineral dan Batubara 16(1):39-45. https://doi.org/10.30556/jtmb.Vol16.No1.2020.997

Tangketasik, A., Wikarniti, N.M., Soniari, N.N. Dan Narka, I.W. 2012. Kadar bahan organik tanah pada tanah sawah dan tegalan di Bali serta hubungannya dengan tekstur tanah. Agrotrop 2(2):101- 107

Wahyuni, S., Ali, A. dan Karim, H. 2019. Isolasi dan karakterisasi Actinomycetes dari beberapa sentra perkebunan bawang antagonis Fusarium oxysporum f.sp cepae dan perkecambahan tanaman bawang merah (Allium ascalonicum L.) varietas Tuktuk. Fakultas MIPA Universitas Negri Makassar, Makassar.

Wayah, E., Sudiarso. dan Soelistyono, R. 2014. Pengaruh pemberian air dan pupuk kandang sapi terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanamanjagung manis (Zea mays saccharata Sturt L.). Jurnal Produksi Tanaman 2(2):94-102.

Wozńiak, M. and Gałazka, A. 2019. Endophytic bacteria potentially promote plant growth by synthesizing different metabolites and their phenotypic/physiological profiles in the biolog GEN III microplate TM test. International Journal of Molecular Science 20:5283. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20215283

Wulan, R., Astuti, R.I., Rukayadi, Y., Estuningsih, S. dan Meryandini, A. 2022. Seleksi, karakterisasi morfologi, dan identifikasi aktinobakteri penghasil mananase asal hutan tanah Jambi untuk produksi mananoligosakarida. Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia 27(2):279-286. https://doi.org/10.18343/jipi.27.2.279

Yuliana, N. 2008. Kinetika pertumbuhan bakteri asam laktat isolat T5 yang berasal dari tempoyak. Jurnal Teknologi Industri dan Hasil Pertanian 13(2):109-116.

Zhang, X., Sheng, X., Sun, L., Huang, Z., He, L., Zhang, W. and Chen, D. 2017. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) improve rice growth and yield under drought stress. Plant Microbe Interactions 30(11):1309-1318.